Chronology

Towards 1100 B.C.: the Phoenicians ventured along Tunisian sea coasts

814 B.C.: The traditional " date " of the foundation of Carthage.

264-241 B.C.: 1st Punic war. Defeated, Carthage loses Sicily.

218-201 B.C.: 2nd punic war following a conflict between Rome and Carthage in Spain. Hannibal takes the war into Italy where he wins a few battles. Scipion the African moves to Africa where, with the assistance of the Numidian king Massinissa, he ends by triumphing over Hannibal, at Zama, in 202. 149-

146 B.C.: 3rd Punic war ; Rome triumphs definitely over Carthage; Tunisia becomes a Roman province.

439-533 A.D..: The Vandals in Tunisia

533-647/698: The Byzantines in Tunisia

647: 1st Arabian incursion in Tunisia; defeat of the Patrician Gregory at SufetulaSbeïtla).

670: Foundation of Kairouan by Oqba b. Nafe

800-910: The Aghlabide Emirs govern Tunisia.

910-973: The Shiite Fatimides dominate the country; they found Mahdia and make it their capital.

973-1050: Reign of the zirides

1050-1052: Invasion of the Egyptian beduins Bani Hilals sent by the Fatimides to punish their former lieutenants, the Zirides.

1159-1160: The Almohades of Morocco restore order in Tunisia; where they beat off the Normans settled there on the eastern coastline since 1148.

1207: Ibn Hafs governs Tunisia on behalf of Almohades.

1228-1574: The Hafside Tunisia.

1574-1591: Tunisia an Ottoman province.

1591-1659: Government of the Deys

1659-1705: The bey Hammuda ibn Murad seizes power and founds the dynasty of the Muradites.

1705-1957: Reign of the Husseïnite beys

Toward 1850: Slump and keen financial dependence regarding the colonial powers (France, Great Britain, Italy).

1881: Treaty of Bardo (May 12) and establishment of the French protectorate in Tunisia.

1956: Abolition of the Treaty of Bardo and proclamation of Independence (March 20).